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Oades, R. D., Wild-Wall, N., Juran, S. A., Sachsse, J., Oknina, L. B., & Röpcke, B., (2006) Auditory change detection in schizophrenia: sources of activity, related neuropsychological function and symptoms in patients with a first episode in adolescence, and patients 14 years after an adolescent illness-onset BiomedCentral (BMC) Psychiatry, 6, 7 (view pdf). Introduction: We examined the characteristics of the scalp-recorded
MMN and related these to tests of short-term memory and set-shifting.
We assessed whether the equivalent dipole sources are affected
already at illness-onset in adolescence and how these
features differ after a 14-year course following an adolescent onset.
The strength, latency, orientation and location of frontal and temporal
lobe sources of MMN activity early and late in the course of adolescent-onset
schizophrenia are analysed and illustrated. We compared 28 adolescent patients with a 1st episode of schizophrenia & 18 patients 14 years after diagnosis in adolescence with 2 age-matched community control groups (n = 22 & 18, respectively). Fig. (left: MMN ERP waveforms: 4 subject groups [+ inserts of the N1]). Results:
2/ - The amplitude
was reduced in patients, especially the younger group, and was here
associated with negative symptoms (flat-affect) and slow set-shifting
(trails). Fig. (left:
for the 1st-episode patients [early-onset schizophrenia, EOS] and their
controls [C-EOS] - the dipole moments, Besa.model fit, & dipole
location on the modified Montreal Neurological Institute brain atlas)
. . 4/ In the older patients the left temporal locus remained ventral (developmental stasis), the right temporal locus extended more antero-laterally (illness progression), and the right frontal source moved antero-laterally (normalised). Conclusions: Separate characteristics of the sources of the activity differences showed an improvement, stasis or deterioration with illness-duration. The precise nature of the changes in the sources
of MMN activity and their relationship to selective information processing
and storage depend on the specific psychopathology and heterogeneous
course of the illness. |